Only very little. I'm assuming that using larger diameter tires results in a lower profile to maintain the same OEM circumference.
Lower profile tires have less flex which means they conform less to the surface under it. They also have less rubber and more aluminum ie total weight is also less. That means less rotational inertia so it tire can spin up faster, losing traction. But these are absolutely minimal considerations compared to width, tread depth, tread pattern, and tire formulation (I.e. how well the tire flexes when cold).